What is the ideal scenario for power output in a transformer?

In a transformer, the principle of conservation of energy dictates that the power output should ideally equal the power input, taking into account that no energy is lost in the process. In reality, some energy is always lost due to factors such as resistance in the wires, core losses (hysteresis and eddy current losses), and other inefficiencies.

Therefore, in an ideal transformer, we expect the output (power out) to be equal to the input (power in). This is why the scenario where the power output is less than the power input accurately reflects the real-world operation of transformers, as this decrease accounts for the losses incurred during energy transfer.

This understanding is crucial because it helps in designing transformers that minimize losses and improve efficiency. Hence, while in theory, the output should equal the input, practical scenarios demonstrate that output is indeed less due to unavoidable losses.