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The smallest wire gauge permitted in a traveling cable is based on the standard requirements for electrical currents and operational efficiency. In this context, #20 gauge wire is commonly accepted because it strikes a balance between adequate current-carrying capacity and flexibility, which is essential for traveling cables that need to endure movement and bending.
#20 gauge wire has a larger cross-sectional area compared to smaller gauges, allowing it to handle more current without overheating, thus providing a margin of safety. This is particularly important in applications where cables are in constant motion, as insufficient gauge could result in increased resistance, heating, and potential failure.
Lower gauge numbers indicate thicker wires, which is why #18 gauge and larger wires are typically utilized for higher current applications or reduced resistance. However, when considering flexibility in a traveling cable scenario, #20 gauge is the smallest practical option while still meeting safety and operational standards.